Teething

 

Teething

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Malaria, pneumonia, diarrhea, HIV and tuberculosis are preventable and treatable. But they still massacre children.

The leading cause of death in children varies by age. Children under the age of five are particularly vulnerable to infections such as malaria, pneumonia, diarrhea, HIV and tuberculosis. For older children, NCDs, injuries, and conflicts pose significant threats. Despite being completely preventable and treatable, common infections still kill many young children. Pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria accounted for about 30% of the world's children who died under the age of 5 in 2019. Children in the world's poorest regions are disproportionately affected in sub-Saharan Africa, where infectious diseases are particularly prevalent.

 

These trends are likely to reverse. UNICEF works around the world to protect children and prevent death from disease. Strengthen primary health care, especially at the community level, and help countries combat common infectious diseases such as malaria, pneumonia, diarrhea, HIV and tuberculosis.

 

Lung infection

Pneumonia is her leading infectious cause of death in children under the age of five, killing approximately 700,000 children each year. In many parts of the world, one of her children dies of pneumonia every minute. The disease is completely preventable and easily controlled with antibiotics.

 

Pneumonia is a disease of inequality, focused on the poorest people around the world.

 

Child deaths from pneumonia are closely linked to malnutrition, lack of clean water and sanitation, indoor air pollution and poor access to healthcare. All of these factors are exacerbated by poverty, making pneumonia a disease of inequality. The disease is concentrated in the poorest people around the world.

 

But there are simple protective, preventive and curative solutions.

 

 

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Protective measures such as exclusive breastfeeding, appropriate complementary foods and vitamin A supplementation are fundamental to keeping children healthy and disease free.

Preventive measures such as vaccinations, reducing household air pollution, clean drinking water and sanitation can help protect children from disease.

Antibiotics are essential in treating pneumonia. In 2021, UNICEF provided her 31.6 million antibiotic treatments to her children under the age of 1 in 54 countries.

Diarrhea

In recent years, great progress has been made in reducing child deaths from diarrhea. However, diarrhea remains one of the leading causes of death among young children, especially in humanitarian settings.

 

In 2019, nearly 480,000 infants died of diarrhea worldwide, accounting for 9% of all deaths in children under 5 years of age.

 

These children could have benefited from simple and effective interventions such as oral rehydration salts and zinc.

About 70-90% of deaths from acute watery diarrhea can be prevented with oral rehydration salts, but zinc is estimated to reduce diarrhea mortality by 11.5%. Adequate hydration, breastfeeding, continued breastfeeding, and selective use of antibiotics are also important. In 2021, UNICEF has distributed over 93 million zinc tablets and over 30 million sachets of oral rehydration salts worldwide. UNICEF also draws on its resources and expertise in the health sector. nutrition; education; behavioral communication; and water, sanitation, and hygiene to support diarrhea prevention and control.

 

Malaria

Malaria is her third highest mortality rate in children from the first month of life to her five years of age in the world, after pneumonia and diarrhea. In 2019, about 274,000 children under the age of five died from the disease, making him 67% of all malaria deaths worldwide.

 

Two minutes later her one child dies of malaria. Malaria eradication requires increased global investment, especially in research and development.